Article 156

The judiciary is an independent power, the protector of the rights of the individual and society, responsible for the implementation of justice, and entrusted with the following duties:
  1. investigating and passing judgement on grievances, violations of rights, and complaints; the resolving of litigation; the settling of disputes; and the taking of all necessary decisions and measures in probate matters as the law may determine;
  2. restoring public rights and promoting justice and legitimate freedoms;
  3. supervising the proper enforcement of laws;
  4. uncovering crimes; prosecuting, punishing, and chastising criminals; and enacting the penalties and provisions of the Islamic penal code;
  5. taking suitable measures to prevent the occurrence of crime and to reform criminals.