Article 44
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran is to consist of
three sectors: state, cooperative,
and private, and is to be based on systematic and sound planning.
The state sector is to include all large-scale and mother
industries, foreign trade, major minerals, banking, insurance,
power generation, dams and large-scale irrigation networks, radio
and television, post, telegraph and telephone services, aviation,
shipping, roads, railroads and the like; all these will be publicly
owned and administered by the State.
The cooperative sector is to include cooperative companies and
enterprises concerned with production and distribution, in urban
and rural areas, in accordance with Islamic criteria.
The private sector consists of those activities concerned with
agriculture, animal husbandry, industry, trade, and services that
supplement the economic activities of the state and cooperative
sectors.
Ownership in each of these three sectors is protected by the
laws of the Islamic Republic, in so far as this ownership is in
conformity with the other articles of this chapter, does not go
beyond the bounds of Islamic law, contributes to the economic
growth and progress of the country, and does not harm society.
The [precise] scope of each of these sectors, as well as the
regulations and conditions governing their operation, will be
specified by law.